What is the term for the disorder caused by nitrogen bubble formation in the body?

The term for the disorder caused by nitrogen bubble formation in the body is known as decompression sickness (DCS). This condition occurs when a person ascends too quickly after being exposed to high pressures, such as during scuba diving or high-altitude flying. Under increased pressure, nitrogen gas, which is naturally dissolved in bodily fluids, becomes more soluble. When a rapid ascent occurs, the sudden decrease in pressure can lead to the formation of bubbles as the nitrogen comes out of solution, potentially causing various symptoms that range from joint pain to severe neurological impairments.

Understanding the mechanics of DCS is important for anyone involved in activities that subject them to varying pressures. The key factor is the rate of ascent and the body's ability to safely eliminate nitrogen through slower decompression, allowing it to be expelled without forming harmful bubbles. The other terms listed refer to different conditions and processes. Barotrauma involves tissue injury from pressure changes, aeromedical decompression is a procedure to manage pressure changes safely, and air embolism refers to the entry of air bubbles into the vascular system, which can occur in certain contexts but is not directly caused by nitrogen bubbles.