Which gas law is depicted by changes affecting the ears, sinuses, and gastrointestinal tract due to pressure changes?

The correct answer highlights Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is held constant. This principle is particularly relevant in the context of altitude changes, such as during ascents and descents in aviation, where external pressure decreases or increases significantly.

As an aircraft ascends, the atmospheric pressure around it decreases. According to Boyle's Law, the volume of gases within closed spaces such as the ears, sinuses, and gastrointestinal tract will expand due to the reduced external pressure. This expansion can lead to discomfort or pain, often experienced as "ear popping" as the body attempts to equalize the pressure between the inner ear and the external environment. Similarly, as pressure increases during descent, gases in these areas will contract, which can cause similar discomfort if not equalized properly.

Understanding Boyle's Law is crucial for pilots and individuals operating at varying altitudes, as it explains the physiological effects of pressure changes on the body. This knowledge enables effective management of symptoms associated with pressure variations, ensuring safety and comfort during flight.