Which two structures in the eye refract light and focus it on the retina?

The cornea and lens are the two primary structures in the eye responsible for refracting light and focusing it on the retina. The cornea, which is the transparent front part of the eye, provides most of the eye's total optical power. It bends incoming light rays as they enter the eye. The lens, located behind the iris and pupil, further adjusts the focus of light onto the retina, especially for near or far vision. Together, these structures ensure that light is precisely focused, allowing for clear vision.

Other choices presented do not involve structures that refract and focus light. The iris and pupil control the amount of light entering the eye but do not contribute to the refractive power. The retina is the light-sensitive layer that captures images but does not refract light. The fovea is a small pit in the retina that provides sharp central vision, and the optic nerve transmits visual information to the brain but does not play a role in focusing light. Thus, the cornea and lens are essential for proper vision by working together to refract light appropriately.